Understanding Binocular Numbers
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Binoculars · 5 min read · Updated 5 September 2026

Understanding Binocular Numbers

What 8×42, exit pupil, field of view and eye relief actually mean when you are comparing models.

01

The core specification

The first number is magnification. The second is the objective lens diameter in millimetres. 8×42 means the image is magnified 8 times through a 42mm front lens. Try any combination below.

Magnification

8×

Objects appear this many times closer

Objective lens

42mm

Full size, around 650 to 750g

Exit pupil

5.3mm

42 ÷ 8. Bigger is brighter

Twilight factor

18

Higher resolves more detail in dim light

Bright, easy to hold and comfortable at dawn and dusk. A true all rounder.

02

Exit pupil and low light

Divide objective by magnification to get the exit pupil, the width of the beam of light leaving the eyepiece. Your own pupil opens to around 2 to 3mm in daylight and 5 to 7mm at dusk. If the exit pupil is smaller than your pupil the view looks dim. A 5mm exit pupil is excellent for dawn and dusk observation.

Your pupil

about 6mm at dusk

Exit pupil

42 ÷ 8 = 5.3mm

The beam is narrower than your pupil, so the view will look dimmer than the naked eye scene.

Magnification

Objective lens

Light

8×42 gives a 5.3mm exit pupil

Available as Pinion 8×42 HD and ED.

03

Field of view and eye relief

Field of view is how wide a scene you can see at 1000m. Eye relief matters for spectacle wearers. Look for 15mm or more and twist the eyecups down so your glasses sit at the right distance.

Scene showing the field of view of the Pinion 8×25

Pinion 8×25

91m at 1000m

Scene showing the field of view of the Pinion 8×42 HD

Pinion 8×42 HD

123m at 1000m

Scene showing the field of view of the Pinion 10×42 HD

Pinion 10×42 HD

105m at 1000m

Illustrative crops of the same scene. Field of view figures are the published specifications for each model.

Frequently asked questions

What is eye relief?+

The distance from the eyepiece at which you see the full field of view. Spectacle wearers should look for 15mm or more and twist the eyecups down.